With the sun shining and the temperature rising, the dangers associated with hot weather become increasingly apparent in the summer. While summer brings sunshine and outdoor activities, it also comes with potential health risks, significantly when temperatures rise to extreme levels.

Warm air is usually caused by heating the sun's radiation on the earth's surface and atmosphere. This can be influenced by factors such as the tilt of the earth's axis, the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and natural weather patterns such as global warming. Taking precautions such as staying hydrated, avoiding excessive outdoor activities, and using sun protection can significantly reduce these risks. We can ensure our safety and well-being during the warmer months by paying attention to the vulnerable and knowing how to respond to heat-related illnesses. This article examines the dangers of hot weather and its immunity.

Dangers of hot weather

• Heat exhaustion: Prolonged exposure to high temperatures can lead to heat exhaustion, characterized by heavy sweating, weakness, nausea, and dizziness. If not treated, it can turn into heatstroke.
• Heatstroke: Heatstroke is a life-threatening condition in which body temperature rises significantly, often exceeding 104°F (40°C). Symptoms include confusion, fast heartbeat, dry skin, and even loss of consciousness.
• Dehydration: Sweating in hot weather can cause loss of body fluids and lead to dehydration. Severe dehydration can have serious health consequences, including kidney problems and heat-related illnesses.
• Sunburn: Overexposure to the sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays can cause painful sunburns, increasing the risk of skin cancer and accelerating skin aging.
• Heat-related diseases: beyond heatstroke and sunburn, hot weather can aggravate existing health conditions, such as respiratory disorders and cardiovascular problems.

Precautions and prevention methods

Heat waves can be dangerous, especially for vulnerable people. Preparing for them and reducing the risk of heat-related illnesses is essential. These measures include informing, keeping calm, examining vulnerable people, and preparing emergency packages. Here are some necessary measures before the heat wave:

• Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day, even if you do not feel thirsty. Avoid excessive caffeinated and carbonated drinks because they can cause dehydration.
• Plan outdoor activities: Plan outdoor activities for early morning or late evening when the temperature is cooler.
• Limit outdoor activities: Avoid strenuous activity during the hottest part of the day, usually between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. If outdoor activity is necessary, take frequent breaks in shaded areas.
• Wear appropriate clothing: Choose light, loose-fitting, white clothing to reflect sunlight and allow your body to cool more effectively.
• Use sunscreens and sunscreen cream: Use sunscreen cream with at least SPF 30 and if you swim or sweat, use it every two hours or more. Wear a peaked hat, and sunglasses, and seek shade if possible.
• Cooling strategies: use a fan, air conditioner, or cool water bath to reduce body temperature. Use damp cloths or cooling centers if available.
• Measures for proper ventilation: Ensure indoor ventilation to prevent heat build-up. Consider using blankets and opening shutters and gates during cooler hours.
• Pay attention to the vulnerable: the elderly, young children, and those with certain health conditions are more at risk of heat-related illnesses. Check them regularly during hot periods.
• Limiting heat-producing activities: avoid using heat-producing devices such as gas stoves or fires and heaters during the hottest hours to prevent the indoor temperature from rising.
• Prepare an emergency kit: An emergency kit with essential supplies such as water, non-perishable food, and a first aid kit.
• Stay informed: Pay attention to weather forecasts and warnings from local authorities and do not ignore them.
• Prepare your home: Make sure your home is well-insulated and ventilated. Consider installing home shades or reflective films on home windows to reduce heat gain.

Help with heatstroke

If people suffer from heatstroke, immediate measures should be taken to provide medical assistance to these people. Here are some valuable tips to help people suffering from heatstroke:

• People with heatstroke or burns should immediately move to a shaded place or a room with cool air.
• Any tight or unnecessary clothing should be removed from the bodies of sun-exposed people.
• One should try to sprinkle cold water on the sunburned body using a sponge or piece to control the body temperature. Also, cold water baths and cold-water splashes are also helpful.
• Use a fan or air conditioner (AC) to cool the sunburned body.
• Give the person cold water or a sports drink to rehydrate the body.
• If the person is unconscious or having a seizure, call emergency services (ambulance) immediately.
• It is very important to take the heat seriously and if the person does not show signs of health, go to the hospital if necessary.

What can ordinary people do?

As the world continues to grapple with the effects of climate change, it is increasingly clear that urgent action is needed to prevent further warming and mitigate its effects. From rising sea levels and frequent natural disasters to heat waves and droughts, the effects of climate change are already being felt worldwide. While governments and businesses have an essential role to play in addressing this global challenge, ordinary people can also make meaningful contributions by acting in their everyday lives and advocating for systemic change. Ordinary people can take several actions to help prevent warming, including:

• Reducing energy consumption: Reducing energy consumption at home, such as turning off lights and household appliances when not in use, can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
• Use of public transportation: Using public transportation or public transportation or walking and cycling can reduce the emission of greenhouse gases caused by excessive transportation use.
• Planting trees and agriculture: Planting trees and vegetation can effectively prevent heat, especially in urban areas. However, it is essential to note that planting trees alone will not be enough to address the main causes of climate change, such as greenhouse gas emissions. This should be done in conjunction with other measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and transition to a low-carbon economy.
• Selection of energy-efficient products: using energy-efficient and electrical products, such as LED lamps and energy-efficient appliances, can help reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
• Support for clean energy projects: Support for clean energy projects, such as solar power projects or renewable energy policies, can help accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy.
• Reducing garbage and waste: Reducing waste, especially food waste, can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions from landfills, which in turn helps reduce high temperatures.
• Support for climate action: Support for climate action, such as contacting elected officials or participating in marches and protests to prevent climate warming, can help build support for policies and actions to combat climate change.

In general, ordinary people can take meaningful actions to help prevent global warming and reduce the effects of climate change. By making small changes in our daily lives and supporting systemic change, we can all contribute to a more sustainable future.

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